It is the ratio of a chemical element’s atoms to some standard. Atomic weight is also known as relative atomic mass. It means that elements' chemical and physical properties reoccur periodically if the elements are arranged according to their atomic weights. This is the basic principle behind the existence of the periodic table. The periodic table is based upon the principle that states, “the properties are a periodic function of their atomic mass”. They can easily make chemical bonds with valence electrons of other elements. These electrons are known as valence electrons. Meanwhile, the group shows the number of electrons in an atom’s outermost shell. In a single row, all elements have the same number of atomic orbitals (spaces where electrons exist). There are seven rows and 18 columns in the periodic table. The rows in a periodic table are known as periods, and each column is known as a group. The periodic table is organized according to atomic weight and valence electrons in the outer shells of elements. Based on these properties, elements are divided into different categories. The physical properties of periodic table elements are color, luster, malleability, hardness, solubility, and electrical conductivity. In a periodic table, elements are arranged in different rows and columns according to their physical and chemical properties.Ĭhemical properties that distinguish elements from each other are atomic number, atomic mass, electronegativity, density, melting point, boiling point, and ionic radius. The periodic table is an arrangement of elements according to their chemical and physical properties.
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